The national park Alejandro de Humbolt has always been a territory not frequently used by man. From the pre-Columbian period there is only one archeological site, located in the costal zone Aguas Verdes.

In the XVIII and XIX centuries some hidden places were used as shelter for fugitive slaves know as cimarrones.

The exploitation of the region began at the beginning and middle of the  XX century to cultivate coconut and cacao. In the area known as Melba human life developed, related mainly to mining and mining exploration in general.

The beginnings of the park go to the 60’s when Jaguani and Cupeyal del Norte were declared Natural Reservations, and when in the 80’s Ojito de Agua was declared refugee associated with the royal carpenter.

The national park Alejandro de Humbolt is the protected area of greater diversity in Cuba and the Caribbean, it is located near Baracoa city in the mountains belonging to the provinces of Guantanamo and Holguin. The park has an area of 70 thousand hectares in the heart of the mountainous group Nipe-Sagua-Baracoa.

The park took the name Alejandro de Humboldt, after the famous German, scientist and naturalist with same name, who has been recognized as the second discoverer of the island for his labour and studies. The area keeps alive antic exemplars of the world flora with zones of geological archaism like the one of the Mesozoic time.

In the forests of Humbolt park is difficult to see the sun, you can still hear the chills of the last royal carpenters of the world, still with the hope that this fragile bird could live for many years, for the current and future generations.

Some years ago the almiqui appeared in the heart of the forest of the park, this is a curious nocturnal animal. In the loneliness of the jungle you can find new invertebrates and lizards that have never been reported, even a frog of eleven millimetres, which is perhaps the smallest of the world.

 Humboldt’s landscape has great aesthetic value for the presence of plateaus and low mountains, which are very conserved and give great appearance to the scraps. These unexplored forests are the nucleus of the biosphere reservation of Cuchillas del Toa.

The largest Cuban river and its most important affluent, the Jaguani, are born and run through the park as well as Moa and Naranjo rivers, which are characterized for the clearness of their water, all this sources add importance to the national park Alejandro de Humbolt in the conservation of the hydrographical basins.